In an age where convenience often trumps health, it comes as no surprise that 1 in every 7 people worldwide is addicted to ultra-processed foods (UPFs). These UPFs are not just harmful; they are designed to be super-palatable, encouraging us to consume them in excess. This has led to a global health crisis, raising concerns among researchers and health professionals alike.
Studies from scientists in the United States, Spain, and Brazil have shed light on the alarming prevalence of UPF addiction. Analysing 281 studies across 36 countries, they found that 14% of adults and 12% of children suffer from addiction to ultra-processed foods. The lead author of the review, Professor Ashley Gearhardt of the University of Michigan, developed the ‘Yale Food Addiction Scale’ in 2009 to measure this problem accurately. If an individual has experienced at least two symptoms of excessive intake, loss of control over consumption, cravings, continued use despite negative consequences, and withdrawal, they can be classified as addicted.
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The foods are meticulously crafted to be irresistible, loaded with sugars, unhealthy fats, and salts, stimulating the release of pleasure-inducing neurotransmitters like dopamine. This neurological response hooks us, making it difficult to resist the next bite or sip. The cycle of cravings, consumption, and regret continues, contributing to the addiction phenomenon.
Doctor Chris van Tulleken, a prominent health expert and author, emphasises that while ‘food’ itself is not addictive, ultra-processed foods, according to him, are not truly food. Instead, they resemble addictive substances like alcohol and tobacco. Their carefully engineered combination of flavours, textures, and chemical additives exploits our evolutionary preferences, leading to compulsive overeating.
The consequences of UPF addiction are dire. Excessive consumption of these foods is linked to obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and various other health issues. Moreover, it perpetuates a cycle of poor dietary choices, affecting not only physical but also mental well-being.
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