A U.K. lab, funded by Cancer Research UK, is developing the world’s first vaccine for ovarian cancer.
The project, called OvarianVax, initially focuses on women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations, which significantly increase the risk of ovarian cancer.
While women in the general population have a 2% lifetime risk, those with BRCA mutations face a risk as high as 45%. Currently, women with these mutations are advised to undergo preventive surgery to remove their ovaries by their mid-thirties, causing early menopause and loss of fertility.
OvarianVax aims to create a vaccine that triggers the immune system to detect and attack abnormal ovarian cells before they develop into cancer.
Using ovarian cancer samples, researchers will identify common mutations that result in abnormal proteins recognized by the immune system. Unlike existing vaccines, such as the HPV vaccine for cervical cancer, this vaccine would focus on preventing ovarian cancer by targeting early cell abnormalities.
Though promising, the vaccine will require extensive clinical trials before becoming available, which could take several years. If successful, OvarianVax could first benefit women at high risk, with potential for broader use in the future.
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