In 2023, the EU had 78.3 million people employed in science and technology, a 2.9% increase from 2022 and a 25% rise from 2013. Women made up 52% of this workforce, a stable figure since 2021, with most women working in service activities. Malta was an exception, with only 48% of women in these roles working in services.
Regionally, Lithuania and Latvia had the highest shares of women in science and technology jobs (63%), while Malta had the lowest (45%). In terms of specific roles, scientists and engineers made up 24% of the workforce, with Germany having the largest number. Although women are the majority in science and technology, they are underrepresented as scientists and engineers, comprising only 41% of this subgroup.
Malta’s lower percentage of women in science and technology service activities highlights a unique gender distribution in its workforce, contrasting with broader EU trends.
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