The domestication of dogs from wolves into man’s best friend has been theorised about for ages, with various studies confirming that our long-standing relationships with the canines are much more bizarre than you’d think.
But why are dogs so friendly to humans? Why don’t they dart away or attack on sight? Is it merely domestic conditioning? Or is there something else going on?
Well, according to various studies in evolutionary genetics from 2017 hint that hypersocial dogs may carry variants of two genes called GTF2I and GTFF2IRD1.
When these genes are not present in humans, it causes Williams-Beuren syndrome, which is characterised by elfin facial features, cognitive difficulties and a tendency to be loving with everyone.
The first hint of this came from 2010, when biologists examined DNA from 225 wolves and 912 dogs from 85 breeds.
In later studies, wolves were found, expectedly, to spend less time near humans and worked equally hard to solve puzzles presented to them. On the other hand, dogs tended to focus on the human instead of any other activity.
It was found that even mice, when missing the two genes, were more prone for social behaviour. Coupled with the history of domestication, which now sees dogs and humans coming together closer instead of just humans putting leashes on them, the hypothesis of ‘friendly genes’ worked significantly well.
The study into such genes still requires much more study, but it is very possible that dogs were literally ready to befriend us for hundreds of years.
#MaltaDaily